Abstract
• Arabinogalactan (AG) gave higher amounts of SCFA, A. muciniphila and F. prausnitzii than starch . • The SCFA changes induced by the AG/ B. longum combination continued after B. longum supplementation. • The AG/ B. longum combination increased AG degradation, butyrate and F. prausnitzii . • The effect of the AG/ B. longum combination was dependent on the colon region. The Mucosal-Simulator of the Human Intestinal Microbial Ecosystem (SHIME) was used to differentiate the gut microbial fermentation of arabinogalactan (AG) and starch before (T1), during (T2), and after (T3) one-week Bifidobacterium longum subsp. longum BB536 supplementation. Adding 10 g/L of either AG or starch to the basal medium (T1) promoted short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) production in three successive SHIME colon vessels. AG fermentation (T1) resulted in higher total SCFAs ( P < 0.05) and luminal live Faecalibacterium prausnitzii ( P < 0.0001) in the transverse colon than starch fermentation (T1). Compared to AG fermentation alone (T1), B. longum supplementation (T2) significantly enhanced butyrate production ( P < 0.05) and the abundance of luminal live F. prausnitzii ( P < 0.0001) in the transverse colon. The results indicate that combining a potential prebiotic and a probiotic strain increases SCFA production and particular gut commensals which could have a beneficial effect on gut health.
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