Modulation of Fibroblast Growth Factor Expression and Signal Transduction in Type II Cells

Abstract

repair and wound healing. PDGFs are synthesized and secreted by most inflammatory cell types present within the milieu of the asthmatic airway. We have previously reported that airway fibroblasts from severe asthmatics produce more type I procollagen in response to PDGF stimulation as compared to patients with mild asthma and normal control subjects; therefore, we hypothesized that the enhanced responsiveness to PDGFs in patients with severe asthma is linked to an increased expression of PDGF receptors. In an ongoing study, 5 subjects with severe asthma, 10 subjects with mild-to-moderate asthma, and 6 normal control subjects underwent bronchoscopy with endobronchial biopsy. Biopsies were placed in Dulbecco’s modified Eagle’s serum supplemented with fetal bovine serum (10%), streptomycin (100 g/mL), penicillin (10,000 U/mL), and gentamicin (100 g/mL), and cultured until fibroblast growth was established at 50% confluency (approximately 8 to 20 days). Immunostaining with vimentin (Dako; Carpenteria, CA), Ab-1 (Calbiochem; San Diego, CA) and -smooth muscle actin (Dako) confirmed fibroblast identity. To determine baseline fibroblast expression of PDGF receptors (PDGFRs) [PDGFRand PDGFR], we developed a sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for these receptors that quantifies receptor protein levels in fibroblast cell lysates. Receptor protein levels were expressed in nanograms per 100 g of total cell protein. There were no significant differences in baseline expression of PDGFRbetween the groups (severe, 7.6 ng/100 g protein; mild to moderate, 12.50 ng/100 g protein; normal control, 11.33 ng/100 g protein; p 0.35). However, there was a significantly greater baseline expression of PDGFRin the severe asthmatic group, as compared to both the mild/moderate asthmatic and normal control groups (severe, 15.20 ng/100 g protein; mild-to-moderate, 13.30 ng/100 g protein; normal control, 3.67 ng/100 g protein; p 0.0024). Our data suggests that airway fibroblasts from severe asthmatics may be of a synthetic phenotype, with altered capabilities in collagen production, as compared to those from patients with mild-to-moderate asthma and normal control subjects, and this may be driven by an increased expression of PDGFR. Modulation of Fibroblast Growth Factor Expression and Signal Transduction in Type II Cells*