Modulation of endogenous stem cells markers in the periodontal ligament of dental rat post traumatic avulsion following Aloe vera gel exposure

Abstract

This study was aimed to determine and observe the distribution of the stem cell markers, CD44, CD105, CD146, and Stro-1 in the PDL tissue of post-traumatic avulsion Wistar rats administered with Aloe vera gel. This research was scheduled with a posttest randomized controlled group design using Rattus norvegicus. The rats incisive teeth of the upper jaw were extracted. Rats were divided into two experiment groups (administered with Aloe vera) and control group (without Aloe vera) as acomparison. Following the post-extraction, each group was divided into four-time analysis of 1, 3, 7, and 14 days. After the rats dissection, the PDL tissues were analyzed by immune histochemistry using primary antibodies that are CD44, CD105, CD146 and Stro 1. The collected data were analyzed using a one-way ANOVA, followed by Tukey HSD, Pearson Correlation and Regression Assay. The results indicated that there were significant differences in stem cell markers between the control group and the Aloe vera treatment group (p<0, 05) on 1, 3, and 7th day. Therefore, on 14th both day control groups and treatment groups were decreased. At the 7th day, the expression of each marker was significantly increased, with the highest expression level by Stro1 marker (p<0, 05). It indicated that the distribution of endogenous stem cells, as indicated by the Stro-1 expression, had the most significant periodontal ligament stem cells distribution. It can be further utilized as a biologic marker for PDL stem cells.