Abstract
Background: Besides its microbicidal function, LL-37 can activate different types of cells. Another way, by which LL-37 modulates cellular response, is via forming complexes with the nucleic acids, such as CpG DNA and double-stranded RNA (dsRNA). LL-37 production is high in skin of psoriasis patients but not atopic dermatitis patients. A synthetic dsRNA, polyI:C, stimulates human keratinocytes to produce cytokines/chemokines including a Th2-inducing cytokine-thymic stromal lymphopoetin (TSLP) (Kinoshita et al.
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