Abstract
The synergistic effect of oil viscosity and oil droplet size on the deposition profile of oil on cotton fabric was studied using polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) as a model oil-in-water emulsion system. Under the same preparation conditions, low viscosity PDMS produced emulsions containing small droplets, which resulted in a uniform surface deposition profile, whilst high viscosity PDMS resulted in a localised deposition profile. Interfacial phenomena such as wicking and penetration of PDMS into cotton fabrics were found to be viscosity-dependent, which agrees with the surface deposition data. Both mechanical characterisation (friction, compression, stiffness) and consumer evaluation confirm that the fabrics treated by the emulsion containing low viscosity PDMS were preferred, suggesting that a homogeneous surface deposition and an excellent penetration profile of PDMS are critical for maximising tactile sensorial benefits, which could be accomplished by optimising the emulsion formulation to contain oil of low viscosity and small PDMS droplets.
Highlights
Actives of selected molecular architecture and molar mass are commonly used to modulate the surface and tribological characteristics of materials such as textiles, resulting in an array of bene ts that are desired by consumers.[1,2,3,4,5,6] To enhance product sustainability without compromising product performance, it is critical to establish a comprehensive framework correlating formulation design to comfortableness perceived by the consumer.[7]
The physicochemical transformations involved in the application of so ener actives include surface deposition in liquid, rearrangement during drying, and controlled surface interactions in an ambient environment, all of which are underpinned by the surface and interface phenomena
The use of high viscosity PDMS led to the formation of large droplets due to the high molecular weight of the PDMS molecule
Summary
Actives of selected molecular architecture and molar mass are commonly used to modulate the surface and tribological characteristics of materials such as textiles, resulting in an array of bene ts (e.g. so ness, lubricity) that are desired by consumers.[1,2,3,4,5,6] To enhance product sustainability without compromising product performance, it is critical to establish a comprehensive framework correlating formulation design to comfortableness perceived by the consumer.[7]. The ability to deliver and deposit actives on surfaces, alongside the knowledge that underpins the sensorial bene ts of fabrics, are critical for the design of formulated products. Correlation between fabric friction and subjectively perceived touch properties was found for knitted, but not for woven fabrics, in a previous work.[8] In the same study, relevant properties correlating friction and touch properties were identi ed as bending, thickness, and compressibility. Many theories have been proposed around the so ening mechanism of actives
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