Abstract
Diallyl sulfide (DAS), a flavoring compound derived from garlic, is considered to have cancer chemopreventive potential in experimental animals and humans. This study was designated to examine possible chemopreventive effects of DAS on colon carcinogenesis using genetically engineered transgenic ApcMin/⁺ mice, a well-established animal model for familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) and sporadic colorectal cancer. Male C57BL/6J-ApcMin/⁺ mice were divided into three groups. Animals of group 1 were placed on the basal diet (AIN-76A) as non-treated controls. Animals of groups 2 and 3 were given DAS- containing diets (in doses of 100 and 300 ppm, respectively). All mice were sacrificed at the end of week 10 of the experiment. Histopathological investigation revealed that the incidence of colonic polyps was decreased dose-dependently by 19% (13/16) in group 2 and by 32% (13/20) in group 3 compared to the 100% incidence (10/10) in group 1. The multiplicity of colonic polyps per mouse was also slightly decreased by DAS treatment (1.88 ± 0.35 in group 2 and 1.63 ± 0.36 in group 3) compared to 2.00 ± 0.39 in group 1. On the other hand, there were no significant differences in the numbers of total polyps per mouse in the small intestine between the groups. Taken together, we suggest that DAS may exert promising inhibitory effects on colon carcinogenesis in the transgenic ApcMin/⁺ mice.
Highlights
Several naturally occurring compounds those found in fruits and vegetables have many cancer chemopreventive properties in human and experimental animals (Kelloff et al, 2000)
We suggest that Diallyl sulfide (DAS) may exert promising inhibitory effects on colon carcinogenesis in the transgenic ApcMin/+ mice
Previous our studies proved that consumption of vegetables had been shown to have cancer chemopreventive effects on colon cancer (Kang et al, 2000; Kim et al, 2003)
Summary
Several naturally occurring compounds those found in fruits and vegetables have many cancer chemopreventive properties in human and experimental animals (Kelloff et al, 2000). Previous our studies proved that consumption of vegetables had been shown to have cancer chemopreventive effects on colon cancer (Kang et al, 2000; Kim et al, 2003). Of these compounds, garlic and organosulphur compounds have been reported to be associated with reduced cancer risk in human (Khanum et al, 2004). The protective effects of DAS and its related compounds against carcinogenesis have been shown in stomach, esophagus, mammary glands, breast, skin and lungs of experimental animals (Moriarty et al, 2007). It has been reported that DAS and its related compounds have considerable inhibitory potential on colonic aberrant crypt foci (Wargovich et al, 1996), colonic neoplasms (Herman-Antosiewicz and Singh, 2004) as well as on the migration and invasion of colon cancer cells in vitro (Lai et al, 2011)
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