Abstract
Background: In real life, nutrition goes beyond purely biological domains. Primary prevention is the most efficient approach for reducing the risk of mortality. We aimed to study the association of lifestyle, as measured by a modified World Cancer Research Fund/American Institute for Cancer Research (mWCRF/AICR) scoring system with all-cause, digestive system disease-related (DSD-related), cardiovascular disease-related (CVD-related), cancer–related and other cause-related mortality using data from two population-based cohort studies conducted in Southern Italy. Methods: A random sample of 5271 subjects aged 18 years or older was enrolled in 2005–2006 and followed up until 2020. Usual food intakes were estimated using a validated dietary questionnaire. Competing risks survival models were applied. Results: High adherence to the mWCRF/AICR score was found to be statistically significant and negatively associated with all-cause mortality (HR 0.56, 95%CI 0.39; 0.82), DSD-related mortality (SHR 0.38, 95%CI 0.15; 0.97) and cancer-related mortality (SHR 0.43, 95%CI 0.19; 0.97) in the male sub-cohort and other-cause mortality (SHR 0.43, 95%CI 0.21; 0.88) only in the female group. Conclusions: This mWCRF/AICR score can be seen as a simple, easy tool for use in clinical practice to evaluate both qualitative and quantitative aspects of the diet.
Highlights
Introduction distributed under the terms andA decreased morbidity and improvements in the desired quality of life can be achieved in a population by means of health promotion, when this takes deep root in the consciousness of that population [1]
In all analyses we considered the comparison between High Adherence of mWCRF/AICR score vs. Low Adherence (>7 vs. ≤5.)
Disease; Sub-Distribution Hazard Ratio (SHR): Subdistribution Hazard Ratio. In this cohort study conducted in southern Italy where the Mediterranean Diet is most prevalent way of eating, high adherence to mWCRF/AICR score showed an important protective effect on all-cause mortality in the male sub-cohort as well as, in particular, cause-specific mortality scenarios
Summary
Introduction distributed under the terms andA decreased morbidity and improvements in the desired quality of life can be achieved in a population by means of health promotion, when this takes deep root in the consciousness of that population [1]. Scientific efforts to elucidate the relationship between nutrition and health have greatly improved our understanding of the association between diet and conditions of the Creative Commons. The relevance of nutrition science lies primarily in the growing knowledge of the long-term impact of nutrients, foods and eating patterns on both health maintenance and disease onset [3]. This requires studies to be expanded to adjacent scientific fields beyond biomedical domains, such as social sciences and data sciences, in order to better understand what drives humans to desire the foods they eat. Conclusions: This mWCRF/AICR score can be seen as a simple, easy tool for use in clinical practice to evaluate both qualitative and quantitative aspects of the diet
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