Abstract
Lead-free perovskite ceramics with the formula of (1-x)BaTiO3-xBaCo0.5Nb0.5O3-δ ((1-x)BT-xBCN), exhibit structural phase transition, modified band-gap (Eg), ferromagnetic and ferroelectric orders at room-temperature (RT). All ceramics have no impurity phase but the structural transition from tetragonal to cubic phase is observed with the increase of x. A possible mechanism is proposed to explain the variation of crystal structure. Raman scattering analysis not only proves the existence of doping-induced phase transition but also indicates the changed bonding vibration modes between adjacent atoms. The appearance of two band-gaps in doping samples, the low Eg is about 1.3 eV, obviously smaller than that of 3.2 eV for pure BaTiO3 (BT), which is attributed to the electronic orbital of Co 3d within the gap of BT. Moreover, the RT ferromagnetic behavior is obtained at x = 0.05, which can be interpreted via the F center exchange model. These results show the potential applications for perovskite oxides on solar energy conversion apparatus and multiferroic devices.
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