Modified peach stone shell powder for the removal of Cr (VI) from aqueous solution: synthesis, kinetic, thermodynamic, and modeling study

Abstract

Citric acid treated peach (Prunus persica) stone shell as an effective adsorbent were synthesized for the adsorption of Cr (VI) from aqueous solutions. The aim of this study was to predict the optimal conditions for citric acid modification of peach kernel shell (CA-PSS) the modification process and the removal of Cr (VI) ions from aqueous solutions using a batch-type model. Research of its adsorption of Cr (VI) showed that CA-PSS in conditions at 120 °C for 4 h and in mass ratio of peach stone shell: citric acid =1:1 had greater adsorption capacity. Cr (VI) adsorption was investigated by changing several conditions. Adsorption studies have been carried out to determine the effect of time, pH, adsorbent dosage, temperature, and initial Cr (VI) ions concentration on the adsorption capacity of Cr (VI) ions by the esterified peach stone shell. The results indicate that the Langmuir model provides a better fit for the adsorption data. The equilibrium adsorption capacity of Cr (VI) was 25.71 mg/g for CA-PSS. The adsorption kinetic process followed the pseudo-second-order kinetics. Thermodynamic parameters such as the changes in ΔG°, ΔH°, and ΔS° have also been estimated, and the process was found to be spontaneous.