Abstract
Effective mosquito surveillance and control relies on rapid and accurate identification of mosquito vectors and confounding sympatric species. As adoption of modified mosquito (MM) control techniques has increased, the value of monitoring the success of interventions has gained recognition and has pushed the field away from traditional ‘spray and pray’ approaches. Field evaluation and monitoring of MM control techniques that target specific species require massive volumes of surveillance data involving species-level identifications. However, traditional surveillance methods remain time and labor-intensive, requiring highly trained, experienced personnel. Health districts often lack the resources needed to collect essential data, and conventional entomological species identification involves a significant learning curve to produce consistent high accuracy data. These needs led us to develop MosID: a device that allows for high-accuracy mosquito species identification to enhance capability and capacity of mosquito surveillance programs. The device features high-resolution optics and enables batch image capture and species identification of mosquito specimens using computer vision. While development is ongoing, we share an update on key metrics of the MosID system. The identification algorithm, tested internally across 16 species, achieved 98.4 ± 0.6% % macro F1-score on a dataset of known species, unknown species used in training, and species reserved for testing (species, specimens respectively: 12, 1302; 12, 603; 7, 222). Preliminary user testing showed specimens were processed with MosID at a rate ranging from 181-600 specimens per hour. We also discuss other metrics within technical scope, such as mosquito sex and fluorescence detection, that may further support MM programs.
Highlights
In this perspectives paper, we present an overview of critical needs in mosquito surveillance that frame the use case for an automated identification system in the context of modified mosquito populations
In response to the need to enhance capability and capacity of mosquito surveillance programs, we present MosID: a device that allows for systematic, high-accuracy adult mosquito species identification using high-fidelity computer vision techniques
We have shown that high accuracy species identification with this device can be achieved, with the potential to serve Mosquito Control Organizations (MCOs) that monitor a wide variety of species, as well as mosquito release programs that are often concerned with the identification of a single species
Summary
We present an overview of critical needs in mosquito surveillance that frame the use case for an automated identification system in the context of modified mosquito populations. These needs have influenced our development of MosID: a device that allows for systematic, high-accuracy mosquito species identification to enhance capability and capacity of mosquito surveillance programs. Traditionally used broadspectrum adulticides have demonstrated great success as control methods [3], shifting public perception and increased insecticide resistance [4,5,6,7] have pushed organizations to adopt alternative control techniques. Organizations require a significant scale-up in surveillance activities in order to effectively evaluate and implement these control techniques [14]
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