Abstract
This paper presents a 12-bit retransmission-based chipless Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) in the frequency range of 1.3–2.8 GHz. The designed tag is fully planar and is realized on a low-cost FR-4 substrate with a relative permittivity of 4.4 (loss tangent of 0.0018), and thickness of 1.6 mm. The overall footprint of the tag is 20 × 24 × 1.6 mm3, and it contains two high flat gain orthogonal antennas for transmitting and receiving a long-read range of data. The structure consists of a modified transmission line to form a square loop, strips of different lengths arranged in a readable configuration, and strips to enable tunable frequency operation. The flower-shaped antennas use a partial ground with a modified circular disc-shaped patch to attain desirable bandwidth and maximum flat gain. The frequency coding technique increases the coding density using three resonators, with 10 combinations providing 1000 (103) identification codes. The measured results of the designed data-encoding circuit correlate with the simulated results, ensuring the reliability of real-time low-profile applications.
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