Abstract
Magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) deals with the analysis of electrically conducting fluids. The study of nanofluids by considering the influence of MHD phenomena is a topic of great interest from an industrial and technological point of view. Thus, the modified MHD mixed convective, nonlinear, radiative and dissipative problem was modelled over an arc-shaped geometry for Al2O3 + H2O nanofluid at 310 K and the freezing temperature of 273.15 K. Firstly, the model was reduced into a coupled set of ordinary differential equations using similarity transformations. The impact of the freezing temperature and the molecular diameter were incorporated in the energy equation. Then, the Runge–Kutta scheme, along with the shooting technique, was adopted for the mathematical computations and code was written in Mathematica 10.0. Further, a comprehensive discussion of the flow characteristics is provided. The results for the dynamic viscosity, heat capacity and effective density of the nanoparticles were examined for various nanoparticle diameters and volume fractions.
Highlights
The liquids regularly used in heat transfer applications, such as water, propylene glycol, ethylene glycol, kerosene oil, engine oil and transformer oil, are extensively used in industry and in thermal power plants
[13,16,25], as the RK scheme is used for the first order initial value problem (IVP)
To enhance the heat transfer rate, a thermal conductivity model that considered the impact of freezing temperature and molecular diameter was used
Summary
The liquids regularly used in heat transfer applications, such as water, propylene glycol, ethylene glycol, kerosene oil, engine oil and transformer oil, are extensively used in industry and in thermal power plants. After the development of the thermal conductivity correlation for carbon nanotubes, many studies were presented outlining thermal enhancement due to suspended carbon nanotubes. The effect of thermophysical characteristics of the nanotubes on the heat transfer enhancement water over a curved surface and non-parallel walls was described in [19,20], respectively. Recently modified the curve-shaped flow model for nonlinear radiative heat flux They examined the impact of the cross-diffusion phenomenon on heat and mass transfer. A literature review revealed that there have not yet been any studies of the impact of freezing temperatures and the diameter of nanoparticles on the flow of incompressible fluids due to the effects of nonlinear radiative heat flux, viscous dissipation, mixed convection and Lorentz forces.
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