Modified Flexor Hallucis Longus Transfer for Achilles Insertional Rupture in Elderly Patients

Abstract

Elderly patients with symptomatic Achilles tendinopathy who develop insertional ruptures develop are at risk of persistent pain and poor functional outcome. Extensive debridement of the tendinopathy creates a defect that adds to the difficulty of Achilles insertional rupture repair. Complete excision of the tendinopathy segment was proposed to minimize persistent pain. Reconstruction of the defect using modified flexor hallucis longus transfer might better restore Achilles function. Five patients older than 50 years (mean age, 58.8 years) who had symptomatic Achilles tendinopathy and subsequently had insertional ruptures were treated. The outcome was assessed at an average of 28.8 months after the reconstruction. There was good pain relief. All patients were able to do single-leg stance. Cybex isokinetic testing showed plantar flexion peak torque deficits of 10.9% and 3.9% when tested at 60 degrees /second and 120 degrees /second, respectively. The Functional Ambulation Performance score indicated a near normal gait pattern. The American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society hindfoot score improved from 64.4 to 94.4. There was no major surgical complication and no re-rupture. Excision of Achilles tendinopathy segment followed by modified flexor hallucis longus transfer can achieve good pain relief and functional recovery in elderly patients with symptomatic Achilles tendinopathy who have Achilles insertional ruptures develop.