Modified cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) loaded in gellan gum matrix enhance the preservation of Agaricus bisporus mushrooms

Abstract

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of modified CNCs on mushrooms preservation. A gellan gum edible coating loaded with unmodified and modified CNCs (CNCs-g-GA) was sprayed all over the surface in order to avoid the fast ripening of Agaricus bisporus mushrooms during storage. Results at Day 8 showed a decreasing trend in total color change (ΔE) from 16 (control) to 6 when samples were coated with gellan gum and CNCs-g-GA. Diameter changes (−2% to −6%) were reported for uncoated samples showing shrinkage during storage (Days 8 to 20). Comparison of mushrooms cap diameter loaded with CNCs was also done, observing a higher increase of the cap diameter in unmodified CNCs coated mushrooms compared to modified samples. In terms of firmness, the coated samples with CNCs-g-GA showed stability of this parameter during the first day, whereas a loss of firmness was obtained in the control samples. Practical applications In this study, the application of modified CNCs with an antioxidant (gallic acid) molecule demonstrated the versatility of the nanoparticle to have different functionalities and properties. Thus, CNCs not only show mechanical resistance but also excellent antioxidant properties that help to prevent ripening in mushrooms. The application was proposed for coating purposes (or food packaging), but other materials that require both resistance and aging control can be envisaged (i.e., polymers) by CNCs-g-GA.