Modified Brink-Axel hypothesis for astrophysical Gamow-Teller transitions

Abstract

Weak interaction charged current transition strengths from highly excited nuclear states are fundamental ingredients for accurate modeling of compact object composition and dynamics, but are difficult to obtain either from experiment or theory. For lack of alternatives, calculations have often fallen back upon a generalized Brink-Axel hypothesis, that is, assuming the strength function (transition probability) is independent of the initial nuclear state but depends only upon the transition energy and the weak interaction properties of the parent nucleus ground state. Here we present numerical evidence for a modified `local' Brink-Axel hypothesis for Gamow-Teller transitions for $pf$-shell nuclei relevant to astrophysical applications. Specifically, while the original Brink-Axel hypothesis does not hold globally, strength functions from initial states nearby in energy are similar within statistical fluctuations. This agrees with previous work on strength function moments. Using this modified hypothesis, we can tackle strength functions at previously intractable initial energies, using semi-converged initial states at arbitrary excitation energy. Our work provides a well-founded method for computing accurate thermal weak transition rates for medium-mass nuclei at temperatures occurring in stellar cores near collapse. We finish by comparing to previous calculations of astrophysical rates.