Abstract
Motor function deficit induced by white matter injury (WMI) is one of the most severe complications of intracerebral haemorrhage (ICH). The degree of WMI is closely related to the prognosis of patients after ICH. However, the current behavioural assessment of motor function used in the ICH mouse model is mainly based on that for ischaemic stroke and lacks the behavioural methods that accurately respond to WMI. Here, a series of easy-to-implement behavioural tests were performed to detect motor deficits in mice after ICH. The results showed that the grip strength test and the modified pole test not only can better distinguish the degree of motor dysfunction between different volumes of blood ICH models than the Basso Mouse Scale and the beam walking test but can also accurately reflect the severity of WMI characterized by demyelination, axonal swelling and the latency of motor-evoked potential delay induced by ICH. In addition, after ICH, the results of grip tests and modified pole tests, rather than the Basso Mouse Scale and the beam walking test, were worse than those observed after intraventricular haemorrhage (IVH), which was used as a model of brain haemorrhage in non-white matter areas. These results indicate that the grip strength test and the modified pole test have advantages in detecting the degree of motor deficit induced by white matter injury after ICH in mice.
Highlights
Motor function deficit induced by white matter injury (WMI) is one of the most severe complications of intracerebral haemorrhage (ICH)
Microglia and astrocytes are the major cell types that respond to the release of metabolites by haematomas after ICH, and the activation of microglia and astrocytes contributes to inflammation and swelling in white matter[29,30]
The results showed that the Basso mouse scale (BMS), beam walking test and grip strength test could distinguish the degree of motor deficits www.nature.com/scientificreports of mice after 25ul blood ICH model compare with the sham group from day 1 to day 28 (P < 0.05, Fig. 2A,B,D,E)
Summary
Motor function deficit induced by white matter injury (WMI) is one of the most severe complications of intracerebral haemorrhage (ICH). The results showed that the grip strength test and the modified pole test can better distinguish the degree of motor dysfunction between different volumes of blood ICH models than the Basso Mouse Scale and the beam walking test but can accurately reflect the severity of WMI characterized by demyelination, axonal swelling and the latency of motor-evoked potential delay induced by ICH. After ICH, the results of grip tests and modified pole tests, rather than the Basso Mouse Scale and the beam walking test, were worse than those observed after intraventricular haemorrhage (IVH), which was used as a model of brain haemorrhage in non-white matter areas These results indicate that the grip strength test and the modified pole test have advantages in detecting the degree of motor deficit induced by white matter injury after ICH in mice.
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