Abstract
A systematic characterization of single-wall carbon nanotube (SWCNT) materialafter successive purification steps, including reflux treatment with nitric acid, airoxidation, and annealing, has been performed. Inductively coupled plasma–opticalemission spectroscopy shows that a considerable reduction of the metalimpurities by up to 95% can be obtained by the nitric acid reflux treatment.During this process, Raman spectroscopy clearly proves that HNO3molecules are intercalated into the bundles of SWCNTs. At the same time, SWCNTshave suffered a high degree of degradation and defects are being introduced. Thesubsequent thermal processes lead to the removal of further defect carbonmaterials and to the almost complete de-intercalation of the HNO3molecules. Transmission electron microscopy reveals that the remainingSWCNT bundles tend to form thick bundles. Thus the applied purificationprocess results in a high-purity SWCNT material with a drastically reducedcontent of metal nanoparticles and composed of large bundles of SWCNTs.
Published Version
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