Abstract

Long-duration, solar-wind sputtering conditions were simulated at a much accelerated scale with mass-separated hydrogen ion beams or in low-pressure, noble gas or hydrogen plasmas. Experiments with metal targets and metal-, oxide-, and rock-powder samples demonstrate the leveling and smoothing of macroscopic surface features, and cementing together of loose particles into a porous, brittle, fibrous crust. Certain oxide surfaces become enriched with metal atoms under the bombardment and sputtering action. It is concluded that many of the unusual properties of the lunar surface can be explained by the action of solar-wind bombardment.

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