Abstract
Amongst others, damage and distortions of optical crystals are accompanied by the modification of the materials refractive indices and chemical resistance. Thanks to the advantages of high precision and high reproducibility with respect to amount and depth distribution of defects, ion irradiation is an excellent method to modify these properties selectively. On this basis, diverse ion beam techniques have been developed to produce optical waveguide structures. The implementation of waveguides in crystals enables a number of applications in integrated optics. In this chapter, the fundamentals of ion beam induced effects in optical crystals are summarized and selected examples for refractive index engineering and photonic applications are introduced.
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