MODIFICATION OF POLYESTER FIBERS TO CREATE COMPOSITE MATERIALS WITH ADJUSTABLE RIGIDITY

Abstract

Research aims at experimental study of an effective method of creating polymer-fiber composite materials with a comb structure of an interfacial layer. To change the surface micro-relief of polyester fiber method of surface saponification in the presence of a quaternary ammonium compound was used. This method provides localized hydrolysis reacting of polymer to form dotted etch wells. Fiber modification allows synthesizing comb polymer chains of the binder with the penetration of the lateral branches into the formed pore spaces of the textile carrier. Condition of polyester fiber after saponification estimated by indices: a loss of fiber mass, specific breaking load of the material, the content of carboxyl groups, the sorption of acrylic dispersion. The criterion for the rapid assessment of the quality of the fiber modification to change the micro-relief of its surface can serve the magnitude of the fiber mass loss, which must not exceed 3 %. Estimating the size of the formed voids was carried out according to the nitrogen adsorption data using a sorption analyzer NOVA 1200e. In moderate alkaline hydrolysis conditions, the main increase in the internal free volume provides mesopores with a diameter of 35...40 nm. The formations of a sub microscopic size 7...8 nm are the most numerous. Assessment of nanosized condition of reinforcing polymer dispersion by dynamic light scattering method allows recommending the necessary depth of polyester fiber hydrolysis to ensure the effects of the composite material stiffness controlled increase in 10...16 times.