Modification of pancreatic digestive function by pituitary grafting in mice

Abstract

The effect of prolactin on the digestive potency of the acinar pancreas was examined in pituitary-grafted hyperprolactinemic mice, because our previous experiment showed that a marked proliferation of pancreatic acinar cells was induced by pituitary grafting in mice. To know whether the digestive function is modified, the tissue contents of pancreatic digestive enzymes, such as chymotrypsin, lipase alpha-amylase and ribonuclease, were measured in the hyperprolactinemic mice. Pituitary grafting significantly increased the contents of chymotrypsin and lipase in the pancreas on day 12 after the operation without affecting intake of food, when compared to those in the sham-operated controls. On day 30, however, the differences between pituitary-grafted and control mice were no more discernible. Thus, the digestive enzyme activities are easily modified soon after the increase of circulating prolactin level. This effect of prolactin on the function of the pancreas may be responsible for "homeorhetic" control of nutrients during lactation. In another set of experiments in adrenalectomized-castrated or castrated mice, pituitary grafting induced an increase in the weight of the pancreas. In addition, adrenalectomy in combination with castration did not alter the pancreatic contents of chymotrypsin and lipase but decreased the amylase content. These results taken together seem to indicate that the effect of prolactin on the exocrine pancreas is not mediated by gonadal and adrenal steroid hormones.