Abstract
Microfiltration thin-film membranes of nylon were treated with microwave radiation within the decimeter wavelength range in air, nitrogen and argon to increase the specific productivity and the degree of the resistant oil emulsion separation due to structural transformations in the surfaces and membrane pores. After the processing of nylon membrane in air, argon and nitrogen, the specific performance of the membranes increases during the filtration of distilled water by 1.3 times. This circumstance is connected, probably with the increase of membrane pore size. And when the oil emulsion is separated, the specific productivity is increased after the treatment in air and oxygen up to 2.3 times, and after the treatment in argon it is decreased by 2 times. The decrease in performance occurs apparently due to the crosslinking of the pores and the surface layer of the membrane. It has been established that the treatment of nylon membranes with microwave radiation in air, nitrogen and argon leads to the decrease of oil emulsion separation degree, which is explained by the membrane surface etching. The worst degree of purification makes 83% and it is observed after the separation of the emulsion with the membrane treated by microwave radiation in a nitrogen atmosphere, when the loss of membrane mass after the microwave treatment was 0.69%. The purification degree from oil is reduced in the least after the treatment in argon medium - 93, and the loss of membrane mass after treatment makes 0.26%.
Highlights
During the process of transportation, storage and oil processing at oil-producing and oil-refining enterprises large volumes of oilcontaining wastewater are generated, which are the source of pollution of the surrounding natural environment, and valuable hydrocarbon raw materials [1]
The main disadvantage is low specific productivity and the phenomenon of concentration polarization, resulting in membrane performance decrease and in operating pressure increase, the clogging of membrane pores, which can further lead to the destruction of the membrane surface layer
In order to increase the specific performance of the membranes during the separation of oil emulsions, we modified thin-film microfiltration membranes from nylon by ultrahighfrequency radiation in the decimeter wavelength range without heat exposure using MC-6 laboratory device of microwave preparation system in atmospheric air, nitrogen and argon
Summary
During the process of transportation, storage and oil processing at oil-producing and oil-refining enterprises large volumes of oilcontaining wastewater are generated, which are the source of pollution of the surrounding natural environment, and valuable hydrocarbon raw materials [1]. A prolonged storage of oil with water, the contact with atmospheric oxygen, the presence of solid particles, hydrophobized by asphalt-resin and paraffin substances, contributes to the development of such effluents as “intermediate layers”, which are very stable oil emulsions [2]. Standard purification methods such as settling, flotation, filtration do not lead to the complete removal of petroleum products from the aqueous phase and can be used only during the pre-treatment stage. The problem is solved by the periodical washing of the membrane surface with cleaning solutions and the pre-cleaning of the emulsion from larger particles by standard methods
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