Abstract
The change of the crystal structure of highly-oriented pyrolytic graphite during 25 keV D + and He + irradiations has been systematically investigated in terms of implanted species, irradiation temperature and dose. Damage structures that appeared on the irradiated surface are characterized into three types, which are twins, and two types of blisters. Twinning occurs after a critical dpa both for D + and He + irradiations. The critical dpa increases with increasing the irradiation temperature and is smaller by about one order of magnitude than that for amorphization of graphite, which has been investigated in our previous study. Two types of blisters are different in their structure and the conditions for the appearance. One type (lenticular opening) is observed both in the early stage of D + and He + irradiations but another type (spherical bubble) is observed in the later stage of He + irradiation. The damaging process of ion irradiated graphite are discussed taking into account the energy deposition and the nature of implanted gas atoms.
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