Abstract
Potholes denote small, typically sharp edged holes in the pavement. The aim of this research was to study the usability of alkali activated (AA) blast furnace slag based material in the repair of paved roads, especially during the cold winter and spring seasons when such repairs are needed most and the use of hot asphalt is not possible. The objective was to a find material which is both more cost-efficient and durable than plain cold asphalt. Properties like rapid strength development, good bonding with old paving material, weather resistance, abrasion resistance, and low shrinkage were required. The influence of the chosen factors on the performance of the material was studied applying the multi-attribute optimization method. The impact of different additives, such as Portland cement, fibers and crushed tire rubber were studied. The results indicated that the AA slag based materials studied can be improved by suitable additives to make them reach desired performance. According to the tests, adding Portland cement increased compressive strength threefold after 3 hours and reduced shrinkage by 34% but should be a negative impact on higher levels related to freeze-thaw resistance. In addition, crushed rubber was indicated to have a positive impact related to all the studied performance properties.
Highlights
Pothole denotes small, typically sharp edged holes in the pavement hampering traffic
The signal to noise (S/N) ratio describes the relation between the levels of the factor and the average response based on the delta value
It can be concluded that the modified AA blast furnace slag (BFS) material showed potential as an ecologically sustainable alternative for pavement patching comprising industrial by-products as the principal binder and aggregate components
Summary
Typically sharp edged holes in the pavement hampering traffic. They have become more common due to climate change and the consequent increasing amount of freeze-thaw cycles in Nordic countries. [1,2,3]) The reasons for such damage are diverse and interrelated, the most common being traffic and weather stress (temperature, freezing and thawing, precipitation), and the structural weight of the road structures. In addition to the traffic load, water ingress through the pavement is a prerequisite for pothole formation. The holes are typically initiated after damage enables water ingress through the pavement. It is commonly believed that repeated freezing and thawing cycles accelerate pothole formation due to increased pressure during the freezing period and an oversaturated state under the pavement during the warmer period
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