Abstract
Smoking prevalence among the medical students is high in China. Therefore, understanding the smoking motivations of medical students is crucial for smoking control, but currently there are no scales questionnaires customized for probing the smoking motivations of medical students. This aim of study was to test and modify a questionnaire for investigating smoking motivations among medical students. A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 1,125 medical students at Xuzhou Medical College in China in 2012.The model fit and validity was assessed by confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and the reliability was tested by single-item reliability, composite reliability, and item-total correlation. The prevalence of smoking was 9.84 % among study population. In the modified scales, the global fit indices identified a CFI value of 0.96, TLI was 0.96, and the RMSEA was 0.063. CFA supported the two dimensional structure of the instrument. The average variance extracted ranged from 0.45 to 0.62. All single-item reliability scores were greater than 0.20, and the composite reliability ranged from 0.74 to 0.91. Modified scales could be the preliminary instrument used in evaluating the smoking motivations of medical students. However, it should be further assessed using other forms and methods of validity and reliability, additional motivations of smoking, and the survey of other medical colleges in China.
Highlights
Smoking prevalence among the medical students is high in China
Understanding the smoking motivations of medical students is crucial for smoking control, but currently there are no scales questionnaires customized for probing the smoking motivations of medical students
A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 1,125 medical students at Xuzhou Medical College in China in 2012.The model fit and validity was assessed by confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and the reliability was tested by single-item reliability, composite reliability, and item-total correlation
Summary
Smoking Intervention methods by physicians have been recognized potentially as a key factor in the prevention, reduction, and cessation of tobacco use and diseases related to smoking (Hum et al, 2011; Nunes et al, 2013). Some participants reported that the cardinal motive to smoke was the relief of negative moods such as anxiety, sadness, and stress (Al-Naggar et al, 2011; Spielberger et al, 1982). These factors are even more relevant to medical students considering the process for getting into and thriving in medical school. The Russell Reason for Smoking Questionnaire (RRSQ) has been popular instrument to evaluate risk factors for smoking across China It has not been used in medical students to explore the factors of tobacco use, and has not been convinced whether it was appropriate due to the particularity of the medics that they grasped medical knowledge which may disturb their answering. The present study seeks to evaluate the validity and reliability of the subscales constructed from items in the RRSQ among medical students
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