Abstract
This paper presents the results of the formation of deep modified layers in 40X13 steel using a high-intensity repetitively pulsed nitrogen ion beam with a current density up to 0.25 A/cm2. An arc generator with a hot cathode provided the DC nitrogen plasma flow. A plasma immersion approach was used for high-frequency, short-pulse very intense nitrogen ion beam formation. A grid hemisphere with radii of 7.5 cm was immersed in the plasma. Negative bias pulses with an amplitude of 1.2 kV, a pulse duration of 4 μs, and a pulse repetition rate of 105 pulses per second were applied to the grid. The substrates were implanted at the temperature of 500 °C and various processing times ranging from 20 to 120 minutes with 1.2 keV nitrogen ions using a very-high current density up to 0.25 A/cm2 ion beams. The work explores the surface morphology, elemental composition, and mechanical properties of deep-layer modified 40X13 steel after low ion energy, very-high-intensity nitrogen ion beam implantation.
Highlights
Surface modification is a widespread method for changing the structure or chemical composition of various materials to improve their performance characteristics.A low-energy nitriding is a promising and intensively developing technology for hardening of metallic materials
Sources based on a melting, arc, high-frequency discharge are used for a nitriding process [1, 2]
A change in the ion current density from 0.25 A/cm2 at the centre of the beam to 0.01 A/cm2 at a distance of 8 mm from the centre of the beam causes a decrease in the fluence from 4.5×1021 ion/cm2 to 0.2×1021 ion/cm2 during 120 minute irradiation
Summary
Surface modification is a widespread method for changing the structure or chemical composition of various materials to improve their performance characteristics.A low-energy nitriding is a promising and intensively developing technology for hardening of metallic materials. Tendencies of changes in nitrogen distribution profile along the depth at various points in the crater with increasing time and fluence of ion irradiation are significantly different.
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