Abstract
Objective: To determine the frequency of modifiable and non-modifiable risk factors of functional dyspepsia in our population.
 Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study has been conducted department of gastroenterology of Isra University Hospital from February 2019 to January 2020. All the patients of all age groups presented with functional dyspepsia and either of gender were included in the study. Patients were interviewed regarding modifiable and nonmodifiable risk factors like age, gender, smoking, body mass index, alcohol consumption and stress. All the data was gathered via study proforma.
 Results: Total 200 cases of functional dyspepsia were studied for modifiable and non-modifiable risk factors. Mean age of the cases was 49.45+6.33 years. Most of the cases were more than 40 years of the age. Males were 64.5% and females were 40.5%. According to the ethnicity Sindhi and Punjabi were commonest as 40.5% and 35.0% respectively. Inadequate physical activity and smoking habits were highly prevalent as 57.5% and 36.0% respectively.
 Conclusion: As per study conclusion age more than thirty years, male gender, ethnicity of Sindhi and Punjabi, smoking and inadequate physical activity were observed to be highly prevalent modifiable and non-modifiable risk factor of the functional dyspepsia.
Highlights
Functional dyspepsia is the model useful gastrointestinal problem
Functional dyspepsia symptoms happen after acid infusion into the duodenum and likely outcome from sensitized pH sensors or inadequate evacuation of the acid because of weakened motor function of proximal duodenum [4,5]
All the patients of all age groups presented with functional dyspepsia and either of gender were included in the study
Summary
Functional dyspepsia is the model useful gastrointestinal problem. It is a clinical condition including persistent indications emerging from the gastroduodenal tract [1,2]. Several patients having functional dyspepsia experience other inconvenient symptoms like bloating, nausea, belching and heartburn. Numerous components are as of being researched as possible reasons for the symptoms of the functional dyspepsia. Given the quantity of possibly unidentified causes of the symptoms of dyspepsia and the relationship of the word function with an absence of a natural reason for manifestations, it is carefully utilizing the term of the functional dyspepsia to define symptoms of dyspepsia without a recognized natural etiology [6]
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