Abstract
It has been clarified that the phase-conjugate sound waves in the sea converge better than those in free space and that the convergence occurs even in the range over several km, particularly in deep sea. This convergence characteristic is attributed to the sound channel characteristics inherent in sound transmission in the sea. However, the convergence characteristic in shallow water has not been studied, although it is important for the application of phase conjugate waves in underwater acoustic technology. A modal analysis using the Pekeris model of a wave guide in shallow water was performed in order to investigate the convergence mechanism of phase-conjugate waves in shallow water. The sound pressure and phase distributions were obtained for each mode. It appears that all modes concentrate at the focus point, and its phase is zero.
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