Modern Virtual Fencing Application: Monitoring and Controlling Behavior of Goats Using GPS Collars and Warning Signals.

Azamjon Muminov,Daeyoung Na,Cheolwon Lee,Hyun Kang,Heung Jeon

doi:10.3390/s19071598

Azamjon Muminov, Daeyoung Na + Show 3 more

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https://doi.org/10.3390/s19071598

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Abstract

This paper describes our virtual fence system for goats. The present invention is a method of controlling goats without visible physical fences and monitoring their condition. Control occurs through affecting goats, using one or more sound signals and electric shocks when they attempt to enter a restricted zone. One of the best Machine Learning (ML) classifications named Support Vector Machines (SVM) is used to observe the condition. A virtual fence boundary can be of any geometrical shape. A smart collar on goats’ necks can be detected by using a virtual fence application. Each smart collar consists of a global positioning system (GPS), an XBee communication module, an mp3 player, and an electrical shocker. Stimuli and classification results are presented from on-farm experiments with a goat equipped with smart collar. Using the proposed stimuli methods, we showed that the probability of a goat receiving an electrical stimulus following an audio cue (dog and emergency sounds) was low (20%) and declined over the testing period. Besides, the RBF kernel-based SVM classification model classified lying behavior with an extremely high classification accuracy (F-score of 1), whilst grazing, running, walking, and standing behaviors were also classified with a high accuracy (F-score of 0.95, 0.97, 0.81, and 0.8, respectively).

Highlights

The Internet of Things (IoT) has the capability to transform the world we live in; more-efficient industries, connected cars, and smart cities are all components of the IoT equation
We introduced the concept of a virtual fence, such as a server and smart collar, which applies a stimulus to an animal as a function of its pose concerning one or more fence lines
We described a simulator based on potential fields and stateful animal models whose parameters are informed by field observations and track data obtained from the smart collar

Summary

Introduction

The Internet of Things (IoT) has the capability to transform the world we live in; more-efficient industries, connected cars, and smart cities are all components of the IoT equation. The application of technology like IoT in agriculture could have the most significant impact. Smart farming based on IoT technologies will enable growers and farmers to reduce waste and enhance productivity. Smart farming is a capital-intensive and hi-tech system of growing agriculture cleanly and sustainably for the masses. It is the application of modern Communications. In IoT-based smart farming, a system is built for monitoring the crop field and controlling animals with the help of sensors (light, humidity, temperature, soil moisture, etc.). IoT-based smart farming is highly efficient when compared with the conventional approach [1,2]

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