Modern Trends in the Innovative Development of Transport Modes as the Backbone of a Transition Economy in the Eurasian Space

Abstract

The presented study identifies modern trends in the innovative development of transport modes as the basis for the formation of a transition economy in the Eurasian space.Aim. The study aims to determine directions for the innovative development of transport modes based on the formation of a unified digital transport and logistics environment, and to find the most efficient ways of regulating financial flows from the transit passage of goods.Tasks. The authors develop and implement mechanisms for generating, distributing, and redistributing income from the functioning of a transit economy in the Eurasian territory in the context of automation, robotization, digital transformation, implementation of artificial intelligence, and transition towards paperless and unmanned technology.Methods. This study uses the methods of systems analysis, evolutionary-institutional theory, the theory of engineering and manufacturing balance, and historical approach.Results. The following directions for the automation and digital transformation of rail cargo transport in the Eurasian space are determined: reduction of the time spent on completing procedures at borders and stations; innovative development of the railroad infrastructure in the neighboring countries; automation of transportation, implementation of unmanned technologies; overcoming negative trends in the transportation of perishable items. Directions for the development and production of an innovative rolling stock for cargo transit are identified. Directions for the innovative development of road, sea, and air transport in the Eurasian space are analyzed, including the development of piggyback (raidroad) transport and uberization of the road cargo transport market. It is found that construction and commissioning of ice-class container ships is an innovative direction in the development of sea transport that transports cargo between Asia and Europe. The main direction in the development of air transport involves expanding consolidation and distribution cargo operations when flying over the Eurasian territory.Conclusions. Innovative transit transport systems (ITTS) are developing rapidly, which calls for the development and implementation of a mechanism for generating, distributing, and redistributing income from the transit of goods and passengers. This should be a corporate mechanism, i.e. it should be implemented via public-private partnership. The Eurasian Transit Transport Company could act as such a corporate structure in the Eurasian space. The most efficient way of distributing income from the functioning of a transit economy among the majority of economic agents is to develop the associated and related production of goods and services on a high-tech basis and to form a vast innovative industrial trade-route belt.