Modern Trends in the In Vitro Production and Use of Callus, Suspension Cells and Root Cultures of Medicinal Plants.

Olga Babich,Svetlana Ivanova,Lyudmila Asyakina,Artem Pungin,Stanislav Sukhikh,Alexander Prosekov

doi:10.3390/molecules25245805

Olga Babich, Svetlana Ivanova + Show 4 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules25245805

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Abstract

This paper studies modern methods of producing and using callus, suspension cells and root cultures of medicinal plants in vitro. A new solution for natural product production is the use of an alternative source of renewable, environmentally friendly raw materials: callus, suspension and root cultures of higher plants in vitro. The possibility of using hairy root cultures as producers of various biologically active substances is studied. It is proven that the application of the genetic engineering achievements that combine in vitro tissue culture and molecular biology methods was groundbreaking in terms of the intensification of the extraction process of compounds significant for the medical industry. It is established that of all the callus processing methods, suspension and root cultures in vitro, the Agrobacterium method is the most widely used in practice. The use of agrobacteria has advantages over the biolistic method since it increases the proportion of stable transformation events, can deliver large DNA segments and does not require special ballistic devices. As a result of the research, the most effective strains of agrobacteria are identified.

Highlights

Since ancient times, many widespread and rare plant species have been used by the population and in medicine to treat various diseases
The use of plants is constrained by the lack of technologies for the effective production of biologically active substances from plant raw materials, the poor development of cultivated botanical medicinal plant species in farms of different forms of ownership, even in botanical gardens, and by the lack of trained personnel in this direction
Medicinal plants have to be excluded from the objects of research, many of them are the only sources of production of medicinal substances that are practically unique in their value for the treatment of oncological, neurological, Alzheimer’s and many other diseases

Summary

Introduction

Many widespread and rare plant species have been used by the population and in medicine to treat various diseases. Medicinal plants have to be excluded from the objects of research, many of them are the only sources of production of medicinal substances that are practically unique in their value for the treatment of oncological, neurological, Alzheimer’s and many other diseases These include, for example, the flavones of Scutellaria baicalensis; in particular, vogonosin, which is characterized by high apoptotic properties and allows the targeted destruction of cancer cells without affecting healthy ones. The production of such cell cultures requires the creation of the super-producer strain, which means that both basic and applied research are required to use higher plant cell cultures as a source of biologically active substances of plant origin (secondary metabolites) [13,16].

The Use of Hairy Root Culture as a Producer of Biologically Active Substances

Conclusions

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