Abstract
Relevance. According to the scientific literature in the Russian Federation (RF), over recent years there has been a decrease in the incidence of acute bacterial intestinal infections (AII) and, conversely, an increase in the incidence of AII of viral etiology. The reasons for these trends remain unclear in many respects. Goal. To study the trends in the long-term dynamics of the incidence of AII of bacterial and viral etiology among the population of the RF. Materials and methods. The work uses the materials of state reports of the Federal Service for Supervision of Consumer Rights Protection and Human Well-Being for 2000 - 2018. The incidence rates of bacterial AII (dysentery, salmonellosis, intestinal yersiniosis, Escherichiosis and intestinal infections caused by opportunistic bacteria) and viral AII (rota-, noro-, enterovirus infections), as well as the results of microbiological control of food and drinking water were studied compliance with sanitary regulations. Results. A tendency towards an increase in the incidence of acute intestinal infections with an average annual rate of 1,7% in population of the Russian Federation was revealed. At the same time, there was a decrease in the incidence of bacterial AII with an average annual rate of 3,8% and, conversely, an increase in the incidence of viral AII with an average annual rate of 384,1%. These changes were observed on the back of a decrease of samples` percent of food and drinking water that did not meet sanitary standards for bacteriological indicators, and an expansion of the range of virological methods for diagnosing viral AII. Conclusion. During 2000–2018 revealed a decrease in the incidence of bacterial OCI in the Russian Federation against the background of improved quality of food and drinking water according to microbiological indicators and, on the contrary, a sharp increase in the incidence of viral OCI associated with the expansion of the spectrum and scope of diagnostic virological studies.
Highlights
According to the scientific literature in the Russian Federation (RF), over recent years there has been a decrease in the incidence of acute bacterial intestinal infections (AII) and, an increase in the incidence of AII of viral etiology
The incidence rates of bacterial AII and viral AII, as well as the results of microbiological control of food and drinking water were studied compliance with sanitary regulations
There was a decrease in the incidence of bacterial AII with an average annual rate of 3,8% and, an increase in the incidence of viral AII with an average
Summary
Пермский государственный медицинский университет имени академика Е. В Российской Федерации (РФ) в последние годы наблюдается снижение заболеваемости бактериальными острыми кишечными инфекциями (ОКИ) и, напротив, рост заболеваемости ОКИ вирусной этиологии. Изучить тенденции в многолетней динамике заболеваемости ОКИ бактериальной и вирусной этиологии среди населения РФ. Выявлено снижение заболеваемости населения Российской Федерации бактериальными ОКИ на фоне улучшения качества пищевых продуктов и питьевой воды по микробиологическим показателям и, напротив, выраженный рост заболеваемости вирусными ОКИ, связанный с расширением спектра и объемов диагностических вирусологических исследований. According to the scientific literature in the Russian Federation (RF), over recent years there has been a decrease in the incidence of acute bacterial intestinal infections (AII) and, an increase in the incidence of AII of viral etiology.
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