Abstract
Infantile hemangioma (IH) is the most common benign vascular tumor in children of the first year, which is based on abnormal proliferation of endothelial cells under the influence of the main pro-angiogenic factors: vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and fibroblast growth factors (FGF). It develops in the first weeks after birth, forming over 3–9 months with regression in the next 3–7 years. Three-quarters of infantile hemangiomas are nodular and are not accompanied by malformations. At the same time, segmental IH is most often associated with syndromic forms. Despite spontaneous regression (in 90% of cases), some forms and localization of IH can lead to the development of complications, local and endangering vital functions. In most cases, the diagnosis is based on anamnesis, characteristic features of the tumor, and clinical course. Additional studies (ultrasound DG, MRI/CT, biopsy) are necessary in complicated forms and in doubtful clinical cases.
Highlights
ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр детской гематологии, онкологии и иммунологии им
Infantile hemangioma (IH) is the most common benign vascular tumor in children of the first year, which is based on abnormal proliferation of endothelial cells under the influence of the main pro-angiogenic factors: vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and fibroblast growth factors (FGF)
Segmental IH is most often associated with syndromic forms
Summary
ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр детской гематологии, онкологии и иммунологии им. Наук, заведующая боксированным отделением гематологии/ онкологии ФГБУ «НМИЦ ДГОИ им. Инфантильная гемангиома (ИГ) – это самая частая доброкачественная сосудистая опухоль детей первого года жизни, в основе которой лежит аномальная пролиферация эндотелиальных клеток под действием основных проангиогенных факторов: фактора роста эндотелия сосудов (VEGF) и фактора роста фибробластов (FGF). Три четверти ИГ имеют нодулярную форму и не сопровождаются мальформациями, в то время как сегментарные ИГ чаще всего ассоциированы с синдромальными формами. Несмотря на спонтанный регресс (в 90% случаев), некоторые формы и локализации ИГ могут приводить к развитию осложнений как локальных, так и ставящих под угрозу витальные функции.
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