Modern Technology Applications in the Restoration of an Ancient Mud Brick Houses in Dakhla Oasis, Egypt

Abstract

Earthen architecture and ancient Mud Brick Houses come in a vast variety of Dakhla Oasis archaeological sites date back to Pharaonic, Coptic and Islamic periods and characterized by the construction materials compatible with the dry desert climates. Due to changes in the precipitation pattern of rainfall in the last three years in Dakhla Oasis, so it has been improved physics, mechanical properties of mud brick to become the best in the waterproofing of rain water without a change in properties or color by using modern technology applications in the production of modern building materials. Tests included the study of density, porosity, water absorption, Shrinkage, hardness and compressive strength, and color changes. Mineralogical composition and granulometric distribution of five ancient mud brick samples measuring, (2.5×2.5×2.5) from Dakhla Oasis were studied by using the analytical way X-ray diffraction to determine the main components and characteristics. In addition, using scanning electron microscope (SEM- EDAX) to study the results of the sample examination Synthetically treated. This paper studies includes scientific methods in the restoration of the architectural elements of an ancient mud brick house in Dakhla oasis, by using of modern technology applications, This can be utilized as evidence in Waterproofing mud brick buildings in Egypt and the earthen architecture worldwide in accordance with the priorities identified in each building.