Modern Technologies of Low-Rise Construction

Abstract

Technologies of construction ofLow-rise buildings of various design schemes are considered.
 Particular attention is paid to the technologies of erecting blocked houses (townhouses), cottages and other low-rise buildings.
 As a basis of technologies, new design solutions and mechanization means are adopted, which ensure a reduction in the duration of work and material consumption in the construction of low-rise buildings. Thus, the article shows that the transition from tape foundations to foundation slabs reduces the duration of work on the foundation in 2,5-3,0 times.
 The technological features of the erection of the blocked houses of the wall system and the prefabricated monolithic system are considered. It is shown that irrespective of the constructive scheme, the external walls according to thermo­technical indices are made of gas silicate blocks with a density of D 350-400 and a thickness of 450 mm, which makes it possible to reduce the work complexity in 2,0-2,5 times compared to a brick or three-layer masonry. It is shown that the use of gas silicate blocks allows the construction of buildings up to three floors in various climatic zones.
 It is shown that an increase in the production of gas silicate blocks is associated with the economic benefit of their use. In addition, the statistics on heat consumption in townhouses testify to the use of gas-silicate blocks, which are twicelower than city-wide ones, and thelabor intensity of the gas-silicate blocks is five times lower than the brickwork and cheaper by 15-20%.