Abstract
A review of the complex of health protection and medical measures ensuring the prevention of deterministic and reducing the probability of stochastic effects of irradiation during radiation accidents is presented. It is shown that the most effective methods of ensuring radiation safety at radiation accidents are protection by time, protection by distance and shielding of the irradiated object. Medical means of anti-radiation protection are used in addition to collective and individual technical means when it is impossible to avoid over-standard radiation exposure. Classification of antiradiation medicines, including radioprotectors, means for stimulating the radioresistance of the organism, means for preventing and stopping the primary reaction to irradiation, means for preventing and treating injures from irradiation by incorporated radionuclides, means for treating acute bone marrow syndrome, and means for treating local radiation injures of the skin and mucous are given. The list of medical means of antiradiation protection registered in the Russian Federation is presented. Characteristics of first-aid kits, medical bags, medical equipment kits, medical evacuation devices intended for the first aid and medical assistance in the outbreak of a radiation accident and at the stages of medical evacuation are given. The nomenclature of medicines and volumes of the reserve of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation intended for liquidation of consequences of emergency situations of radiation nature are given. It is concluded that the Russian Federation has developed and implemented a modern strategy to protect personnel, rescuers and the population in emergency situations of radiation nature, including organizational, technical, hygienic and medical measures in the outbreak of a radiation accident and at the stages of medical evacuation.
Highlights
Раствор для инъекций5 мг/мл в ампулах по 5 мл [Solution for injections 5 радиационных поражений [A drug for the early therapy of the radia-
Представлен обзор комплекса защитных и медицинских мероприятий, обеспечивающих недопущение детерминированных и снижение вероятности стохастических эффектов облучения при радиационных авариях
It is concluded that the Russian Federation has developed and implemented a modern strategy to protect personnel, rescuers and the population in emergency situations of radiation nature, including organizational, technical, hygienic and medical measures in the outbreak of a radiation accident and at the stages of medical evacuation
Summary
5 мг/мл в ампулах по 5 мл [Solution for injections 5 радиационных поражений [A drug for the early therapy of the radia-. 5% раствор для инъекций в ампулах по 5 мл [5% solution for injections in 5 ml ampoules]. Средство для связывания и ускорения выведения радиоактивного полония [A drug for the binding and acceleration of excretion of the radioactive polonium]. Средство для связывания и ускорения выведения радиоактивного цезия [A drug for the binding and acceleration of excretion of the radioactive cesium]. Средство профилактики накопления радиойода в щитовидной железе [A drug for the prevention for the accumulation of the radioactive iodine in the thyroid gland]
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