Abstract
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a complex disease that is characterized by diverse genetic and epigenetic abnormalities. The heterogeneity of AML subtypes implies that improvements in clinical outcome will require the development of therapies that are specific for each subtype of the disease and the design of novel clinical trials to test these strategies. In this review, we briefly summarize recent clinical trials, the genetic diversity of AML, and the use of minimal residual disease in the treatment of AML.
Highlights
The topics of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation and the development of new agents are beyond the scope of this article, but the reader is referred to several recently published reviews
Promising therapeutic approaches include the use of epigenetic modifiers, targeted kinase inhibitors, immunotherapy, Bcl-2 inhibitors, and selective inhibitors of nuclear export
Key components of optimal therapy include a full molecular diagnostic evaluation to identify patients who are at high risk of relapse, the close monitoring of response to therapy as assessed by MRD, rigorous supportive care, and the selective use of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation
Summary
The topics of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation and the development of new agents are beyond the scope of this article, but the reader is referred to several recently published reviews. Promising therapeutic approaches include the use of epigenetic modifiers, targeted kinase inhibitors, immunotherapy, Bcl-2 inhibitors, and selective inhibitors of nuclear export. The topics of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation and the development of new agents are beyond the scope of this article, but the reader is referred to several recently published reviews.. Promising therapeutic approaches include the use of epigenetic modifiers, targeted kinase inhibitors, immunotherapy, Bcl-2 inhibitors, and selective inhibitors of nuclear export. As these modalities are being developed, we must strive to provide the best care possible using agents that are currently available. Key components of optimal therapy include a full molecular diagnostic evaluation to identify patients who are at high risk of relapse, the close monitoring of response to therapy as assessed by MRD, rigorous supportive care, and the selective use of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation
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