Abstract
Based on our experimental results, we propose the following low-cost technologies in the field of steelmaking for implementation: the use of briquettes, which are alternative to solid cast iron and scrap metal and contain scale and carbon-containing wastes, in the charges of electric furnaces and converters; microalloying of metal by nitride phases; modification of steel in a ladle by SiCa + Ba master alloys; and the application of daisy-chain blowing of the metal in a ladle (small-bubble conditions). The efficiency of these technologies for melting in electric furnaces and secondary metallurgy is supported. It is shown that electromagnetic mixing of metal in combination with the optimum conditions of soft reduction of a slab should be used in continuous casting to form an internal structure in a slab at the level of the first class on the Mannesmann scale.
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