Modern Security Screening And Electromagnetic Interference with Cardiac Implantable Devices: A Cross-Sectional Study

Abstract

Background: The prevalence of patients with cardiac implantable electronic devices (CIEDs) is increasing and many of these patients will undergo security screening during travel. Currently, patients with CIEDs are advised to request manual security checks as there are concerns about device malfunction due to electromagnetic interference (EMI). The aim of this study was to evaluate the EMI effects and safety of the new security screening millimetre-wave body scanners (MWBSs) for patients with CIEDs. Method: We selected a population of 302 patients with a CIED presenting for routine review at the German Heart Centre, Munich. CIED programming was optimised for the detection of EMI occurrence and high-voltage therapy was disabled. Electrocardiography-monitored patients were then scanned using the body scanner at the recommended distance, as well as in close proximity to the scanner simulating accidental exposure. CIED interrogation was then performed to review for EMI effects. Results: There were no episodes of inhibition of pacing, upper-rate tracking, inappropriate tachycardia detection, or spontaneous device reprogramming. There was no change in pacing or sensing thresholds, or lead impedance measurements after scanning with the MWBS. No CIEDs were identified by the MWBS during the study. Conclusion: No EMI events were detected during the use of MWBSs suggesting that their use is safe and there is no need for specific protocols or precautions. Patients with a CIED need not disclose medical information regarding their device at security checkpoints.