Abstract
Modern scientific visualization is web-based and uses emerging technology such as WebGL (Web Graphics Library) and WebGPU for three-dimensional computer graphics and WebXR for augmented and virtual reality devices. These technologies, paired with the accessibility of websites, potentially offer a user experience beyond traditional standalone visualization systems. We review the state-of-the-art of web-based scientific visualization and present an overview of existing methods categorized by application domain. As part of this analysis, we introduce the Scientific Visualization Future Readiness Score (SciVis FRS) to rank visualizations for a technology-driven disruptive tomorrow. We then summarize challenges, current state of the publication trend, future directions, and opportunities for this exciting research field.
Highlights
Web-based visualizations allow consumers to access information and data by visiting a website.This way of distribution is, in many ways, superior to traditional software applications that require download and installation
By evaluating the future readiness of recent work, we found that using cross-platform web-based applications plays a crucial role, and each scientific research area yields pioneers with sophisticated open source state-of-the-art visualizations
We have discussed a variety of state-of-the-art scientific visualizations implemented in the browser
Summary
Web-based visualizations allow consumers to access information and data by visiting a website. This way of distribution is, in many ways, superior to traditional software applications that require download and installation It facilitates scientific collaboration through sharing data and results among researchers, and being web-based allows for the silent deployment of data and code updates. We expect the field of scientific visualization in the web browser to play an increasingly important role This gain in popularity requires research on scalable algorithms for renderings on clients and mobile devices [1]. WebGL provides easy prototyping and fast rendering for interactive content, and the advantages of graphics standards and shader languages [8] Another benefit is the availability of GPU-capabilities in the browser environment, which allows the use of hardware-accelerated 3D graphics for client-side rendering. We present the state-of-the-art techniques used in web-based scientific visualization and discuss modern approaches for scientific application across disciplines
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