Abstract
This review intends to present an overview of methods currently under development for the specific and sensitive detection of pathogenic bacteria that exist in a variety of human environments. Bacteria continue to be a major health threat in general, and much effort is being deployed to counteract this problem. In a first instance, current and efficient techniques in use for the detection of bacteria are described. In a second instance, this review serves to compare the more conventional techniques to emerging technologies for the direct (non-labelled) detection of bacteria (referred to as “biosensors”). These approaches are mainly optical, piezoelectric, and electro-chemical in nature. They are cost-effective, quite sensitive, and potentially portable for rapid on-site/real-time detection, and rapid prevention. These devices are comprised of specific chemical/ biochemical probes immobilized onto physical transducers. This work also presents comparisons between the efficiencies (assay time and sensitivity) of various techniques being employed.
Highlights
IntroductionBacteria are microorganisms that can spread and rapidly in a moist environment at favorable temperatures
Bacteria are microorganisms that can spread and rapidly in a moist environment at favorable temperatures.How to cite this paper: Shabani, A., Marquette, C.A., Mandeville, R. and Lawrence, M.F. (2015) Modern Probe-Assisted Methods for the Specific Detection of Bacteria
A range of methods that can be used for bacteria detection were reviewed, pointing out their limitations and advantages
Summary
Bacteria are microorganisms that can spread and rapidly in a moist environment at favorable temperatures. They may affect animals and humans, causing a variety of infectious diseases. Many infectious diseases result from food and water contamination by pathogenic bacteria and they are the major cause of illness and death in many countries. E. coli O157:H7, first discovered in 1982, is the strain that is the most dangerous food-born pathogen. This bacteria strain produces a large amount of potent toxin, causing several types of damage such as hemolytic uremic syndrome and hemorrhagic colitis. Salmonella is a Gram-negative bacteria and another food-born pathogen producing infectious diseases such as salmonellosis, typhoid fever, or other problems. Infectious dosages by pathogenic bacteria such as Salmonella and E. coli are as low as 10 cells/mL [4], effective and sensitive methods for screening these microorganisms are essential
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