Abstract
Myocardial perfusion imaging is considered one of the leading non-invasive diagnostic tools for the assessment of patients with known or suspected coronary artery disease and other cardiac pathologies. The technical improvement of the currently used gamma-tomographic devices has increased the diagnostic capability of this technique. In recent years, the use of dedicated cardiac SPECT cameras with solid-state cadmium–zinc–telluride (CZT) technology has increased in nuclear imaging. These new CZT technologies have several advantages over existing scanner models. The development of new CZT detectors and their collimator configuration has increased scanning sensitivity and spatial resolution values. Also, due to the significantly higher sensitivity of new CZT detectors and new methods of data processing, radiologists have already introduced new scanning protocols and methods for radionuclide assessment of myocardial blood flow, reserve and non-invasive visualisation of the functioning of the sympathetic nervous system into clinical practice. The purpose of this review is to provide data on the main technical characteristics of gamma cameras equipped CZT detectors as well as the current possibilities of using CZT cameras for examining patients with various cardiovascular diseases.Received 1 April 2020. Revised 22 April 2020. Accepted 30 April 2019.Funding: The work is supported by a grant of the Russian Science Foundation No. 17-75-20118.Conflict of interest: Authors declare no conflict of interest.Author contributionsConception and study design: S.M. Minin, K.V. Zavadovky, A.B. RomanovDrafting the article: S.M. Minin, K.V. Zavadovky, N.A. Nikitin, A.V. Mochula, A.B. RomanovCritical revision of the article: S.M. Minin, K.V. ZavadovkyFinal approval of the version to be published: S.M. Minin, K.V. Zavadovky, N.A. Nikitin, A.V. Mochula, A.B. Romanov
Highlights
Сцинтиграфия миокарда — один из ведущих неинвазивных визуализирующих тестов, широко используемых у больных с подозрением на ишемическую болезнь сердца или установленным диагнозом, а также другой кардиальной патологией
SPECT myocardial perfusion imaging for detection of coronary artery disease
First validation of myocardial flow reserve assessed by dynamic 99mTc-sestamibi CZT-SPECT camera: head to head comparison with 15O-water PET and fractional flow reserve in patients with suspected coronary artery disease
Summary
Впервые смоделировали различные уровни вводимой активности у 79 пациентов при исследовании на гамма-камере, оснащенной CZT-детекторами [7]. Oddstig с соавт., при этом используемый низкодозный протокол дал возможность уменьшить лучевую нагрузку с 9,3 до 5,8 мЗв за счет снижения вводимой активности с 4,0 до 2,5 МБк на килограмм массы тела при сохранении сопоставимого качества изображения [7]. В дальнейшем было проведено большое количество исследований, в которых показали, что использование низкодозного протокола на CZT-камерах дает возможность не только получить качественные изображения перфузии миокарда левого желудочка (ЛЖ), но и сократить время исследования, а также значительно снизить лучевую нагрузку на пациента [9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16]
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