Modern molecular genetic technologies for forming a list of representatives normal bird microflora

Abstract

The results of the metagenomic analysis revealed a high phylogenetic and taxonomic diversity of the microbial community of both luminal and mucosal microflora of the bird intestinal microbiome. Analysis of the taxonomic structure of the compared microbiomes showed both similarities and differences in the taxonomic diversity and relative abundance (%) of bacteria of the compared microbiomes at the level of order, class, genus.At the type level, 24 taxonomic categories were identified in the luminal and mucosal intestinal microbiome of birds, at the class level 35, at the order level 75, at the family level 168, at the genus level 350.The main share of the microbial community of the luminal and mucosal microbiome was made up of microorganisms belonging to the Firmicutes, Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria Cyanobacteria, and Bacteroidetes phyla. Comparison of the biological diversity of the colonic and mucosal microbiomes at the phylum level showed that the relative value of Proteobacteria in relation to Firmicutes in the mucosal microbiome was 3.25 times higher, and the ratio of Firmicutes to Bacteroidetes in the colonic microbiome was 3.98 times higher. than in mucosal.At the genus level, differences in the composition of microbiomes were manifested by a greater relative share (in decreasing order) in the luminal microbiome of representatives of the genus Lactobacillus, Candidatus Arthromitus, Romboutsia, Gallibacterium, Campylobacter, Enterococcus, and representatives of the genus Acinetobacter, Staphylococcus, Bacillus and Bradyrhizobium in the mucosal microbiome. An in-depth study of the intestinal microbiota using cultivation techniques and high-tech methods for identifying microorganisms, taking into account the results of metagenomic analysis, can significantly expand the understanding of the species diversity of microbiomes and the functions of representatives of various taxa in maintaining bird health, as well as to form a census of representatives of normal bird microflora.