MODERN METHODS TO IMPROVE BIOCOMPATIBILITY OF REMOVABLE DENTURES BY APPLYING ULTRASOUND TECHNIQUES

Abstract

This article is devoted to the problem of toxic impact of prostheses made of acrylic polymers on the tissues of the denture foundation areas and the search for ways to improve the physical and chemical parameters of polymeric base materials. For this purpose a new technique of polymerization of acrylates in the ultrasonic field is proposed. This technique will enable to increase the efficiency of prosthetic restoration for patients with partial and complete anodontia. According to the results of laboratory studies, the bases of removable plate prostheses, manufactured by using ultrasound technology, have 1.5 times higher strength, a 50% lower residual monomer level and a 40% lower water absorption rate. Investigation of the temperature of the mucous membrane can indicate changes in tissue trophism, the severity of pathological changes, and the process of adaptation to the denture. To study the effectiveness of the proposed technique for manufacturing bases of removable plate dentures, the parameters of the temperature of the mucous membrane of the denture foundation areas in the patients during the adaptation to the prostheses and at different periods of their wearing were studied. One month interval of wearing prosthesis, the temperature indices in the patients, whose were manufactured by applying ultrasound remained unchanged. The patients, who worn dentures manufactured by using conventional techniques, had temperature indices typical for inflammatory conditions and impaired thermoregulation. This was confirmed by microbiological research: the high temperature promoted the increase in the number of microorganisms both on the mucous membrane of denture foundation areas and on the denture base. The analysis of the results obtained has shown that wearing dentures with bases manufactured by applying ultrasound technique is characterized by slight inflammation, no impairment of thermoregulation, better process of mucosa self-cleaning. The results of thermometric studies have demonstrated that complete removable plate dentures made by applying polymerization techniques for treating base material have thinner denture base, do not impair the processes of trophic tissues, since they produce less pressure on the substrate tissues; do not deteriorate thermoregulation. All these factors promote better adaptation to denture, reduce negative effects of denture bases on the oral tissues. The analysis of clinical and laboratory findings has shown the best indicators of the functional quality of removable plate dentures manufactures by applying ultrasonic polymerization.