Modern methods of processing biowaste of poultry and livestock

Abstract

Recycling of biowaste is accompanied by its transformation into an economic product, while at the same time contributing to the protection of the environment and bringing benefits to public health. This article provides an overview of modern technologies for processing biowaste associated with their direct use, biological, thermochemical and physical-chemical processing. Direct use technologies include land use, feed, and direct combustion. The main options for biological treatment are composting, vermicomposting, and fermentation. Physical and chemical treatment includes transesterification, compaction, and thermochemical-pyrolysis, liquefaction, gasification. Sustainable recycling of biowaste requires a sufficient amount of waste as input and market demand for the products produced. For biowaste, such markets will depend on the end-use of the product. Not all the presented methods contribute to the preservation of the environment, so the search for environmentally friendly and at the same time cost-effective technologies is currently continuing. It is aimed at combining various biowaste processing technologies into a single system that has new advantages, taking into account productivity, resource intensity and environmental friendliness. Many scientists agree that the future of waste disposal is in nature-like technologies, because nature has all the necessary recycling mechanisms.