Modern methods of control of pathogens of bacterial diseases of grain and vegetable crops of the species Pseudomonas syringae

Abstract

The aim of the work is to study the effect on phytopathogenic bacteria of the species P. syringae of microbiological preparations and substances with aelysitor activity, as well as to analyze the resistance of plant varieties to the causative agents of bacterial diseases of this species. Methods. The antibacterial activity of microbiological preparations registered in Ukraine on the basis of Bacillus subtilis, Pseudomonas fluorescens, Pseudomonas aureofaciens, Azotobacter chroococcum was determined by the method of wells on potato agar. To assess the chitosan’s helix activity, the vegetative tomato plants were treated with a solution of chitosan at a concentration of 0.4%: in the phase of 2—3 true leaves and in the flowering phase. One day after the second treatment, it was carried artificial inoculation of the leaves, stalks, and ovaries with a suspension of cells P. syringae pv. tomato IZ-28 titer 107 CFU/ml and took into account the symptoms of artificial infection. To determine the resistance of wheat and tomato varieties, artificial inoculation of plants was performed in a vegetative house with a suspension of P. syringae pv. atrofaciens UKM B-1011 and P. syringae pv. tomato IZ-28, respectively. Results. Microbiological preparations based on bacteria B. subtilis, P. fluorescens, P. aureofaciens had different antibacterial activity against pathogens of basal bacteriosis of wheat P. syringae pv. atrofaciens, bacterial spot of P. syringae pv. tomato and angular cucumber spot P. syringae pv. lachrymans. Treatment of infected tomato plants with low-molecular chitosan resulted in a slight inhibition of the development of bacterial mottling. Conclusions. Effective and economically viable is the use of biotechnological preparations and the cultivation of the varieties resistant to pathogens of bacterial diseases in vegetable crops.