Abstract

Bacteria found as contaminants of plant tissue cultures are diverse and belong to a range of ecological groups. They include plant pathogens, epiphytes, endophytes and accidental contaminants, e.g. from air or from humans during handling. Bacteria from all these broad ecological niches can cause problems in plant tissue cultures. However, perhaps paradoxicallY., plant endophytes and pathogens may often cause less obvious symptoms than saprophytic and other contaminant bacteria not normally considered pathogens of plants. The effects of antibiotics and nutrients in culture media also influence bacterial growth. Thus, pathogenicity in plant tissue cultures is a complex issue. Identification of the causal agent is often important since this may determine the appropriate control measures.

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