Abstract
BackgroundUtilization of modern contraceptives is still low in low-and middle-income countries, although fertility and population growth rates are high. In Senegal, modern contraceptive utilization is low, with few studies focusing on its associated factors. This study examined modern contraceptive use and its associated factors among married women in Senegal.MethodsData from the 2017 Continuous Demographic and Health Survey (C-DHS) on 11,394 married women was analysed. We examined the associations between the demographic and socioeconomic characteristics of women and their partners and modern contraceptive use using multilevel logistic regression models. Adjusted odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were estimated.ResultsThe utilization of modern contraceptives among married women was 26.3%. Individual level factors associated with modern contraceptive use were women’s age (45–49 years-aOR = 0.44, 0.30–0.63), women’s educational level (higher-aOR = 1.88, 1.28–2.76) husband’s educational level (higher-aOR = 1.43, 1.10–1.85)), number of living children (5 or more children-aOR = 33.14, 19.20–57.22), ideal number of children (2 children-aOR = 1.95, 1.13–3.35), desire to have more children (wants no more-aOR = 2.46, 2.06–2.94), ethnicity (Diola-aOR = 0.70, 0.50–0.99), media exposure (yes-aOR = 1.44, 1.16–1.79)), wealth index (richer-aOR = 1.31, 1.03–1.67) and decision making power of women (decision making two-aOR = 1.20, 1.02–1.41). Whereas, region (Matam-aOR = 0.35, 0.23–0.53), place of residence (rural-aOR = 0.76, 0.63–0.93), community literacy level (high-aOR = 1.31, 1.01–1.71) and community knowledge level of modern contraceptives (high-aOR = 1.37, 1.13–1.67) were found as significant community level factors.ConclusionsThe findings indicate that both individual and community level factors are significantly associated with modern contraceptive use among married women in Senegal. Interventions should focus on enhancing literacy levels of women, their husbands and communities. Furthermore, strengthening awareness and attitude towards family planning should be given priority, especially in rural areas and regions with low resources.
Highlights
Utilization of modern contraceptives is still low in low-and middle-income countries, fertility and population growth rates are high
Muli-collinearity test was done among the independent variables using the variance inflation factor (VIF) and the results indicated no evidence of high collinearity among the explanatory variables (Mean VIF = 1.43, Minimum VIF = 1.01, Maximum VIF = 2.26)
Further results indicate high modern contraceptive use among women with 2 children (34.23%), those who considered distance to the health facility as not a big problem (25.13%), those who lived in high literacy level communities (33.47%), those who lived in communities with high socio-economic status (32.65%) and those who lived in communities where knowledge of modern contraceptives was high (28.94%)
Summary
Utilization of modern contraceptives is still low in low-and middle-income countries, fertility and population growth rates are high. In Senegal, modern contraceptive utilization is low, with few studies focusing on its associated factors. This study examined modern contraceptive use and its associated factors among married women in Senegal. Planning has been associated with several benefits such as reduction in maternal and infant mortality [1,2,3,4]. This can generally be achieved by encouraging girls’ education [2, 4], and enhancing female labor force participation [4,5,6,7]. There have been improvements in the use of contraceptives from 8% in 1970 to 36% in 2017 in Africa, there are still significant gaps in relation to the utilization of modern contraceptives among couples who have the intention to delay or prevent pregnancy [5, 8]
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