Modern approach to pharmacotherapy of chronic insomnia in childhood

Abstract

Aim. Insomnia is a widespread problem in the pediatric population. The prevalence of insomnia in childhood varies from 5 to 50%. The lack of adequate therapy can lead to chronicity of the disease, impairment of the child’s cognitive and motor functions, and in the long term – the development of cardiovascular and metabolic diseases, diabetes, gastrointestinal and mental disorders. Thus, timely identification and treatment of childhood insomnia is important. The goal is to summarize and systematize current information about the modern approach to pharmacotherapy of chronic insomnia in childhood. Materials and methods: an analysis of modern and foreign publications, randomized controlled trials over the past 10 years was carried out. Results. Treatment of chronic insomnia includes non-pharmacological and pharmacological approaches. Behavioral strategies are recommended as first-line treatment for childhood insomnia. The presence of different pharmacological groups of drugs allows for a personalized approach to treatment. The use of “off-label” drugs requires justified prescription. Conclusion. The lack of large-scale clinical studies on the effectiveness, tolerability, dosing and safety profile of drugs dictates the need for further research to better understand the risks (negative side effects) and benefits of using medications for sleep disorders in children.