Abstract
PurposeNurses are undertaking tremendous physical and psychological pressure, which may reduce their subjective well-being (SWB). This study is aimed to identify the relationship among perceived organizational support (POS), self-esteem, and SWB, and to further explore whether self-esteem could be a moderator in the association between POS and SWB in Chinese nurses.Materials and MethodsThis study was conducted in Liaoning Province in China, in 2018. 606 valid questionnaires were collected. Demographic factors, job conditions, the Index of Well-Being, Survey of Perceived Organizational Support (SPOS), and Rosenberg’s Self Esteem Scale (RSES) were included in each questionnaire. The association among POS, self-esteem, and POS × self-esteem interaction with SWB were examined by hierarchical multiple regression analysis. The interaction was visualized by using simple slope analysis.ResultsAverage score of SWB in Chinese nurses was 8.27 ± 2.64. Being married was positively related to SWB, while having longer work time per week, having night shift and dissatisfied with nurse-patient relationship were correlated with lower SWB. POS and self-esteem were important factors for SWB. Self-esteem could moderate the relationship between POS and SWB. When self-esteem was higher, POS had a greater effect on SWB.ConclusionSubjective well-being of nurses in the study was at a low level. Self-esteem could moderate the association between POS and SWB. More interventions related to POS and self-esteem will be helpful to improve SWB among nurses.
Highlights
Subjective well-being (SWB), usually called “happiness,” is defined as people’s perceptions, evaluations, and satisfactions about their lives (Campbell et al, 1976)
The variables including marital status, weekly work time, night shift, and nurse-patient relationship were significantly associated with SWB
With regard to job condition variables, the score of SWB among nurses working more than 40 h per week was significantly lower than that of nurses who worked ≤40 h per week (P < 0.05)
Summary
Subjective well-being (SWB), usually called “happiness,” is defined as people’s perceptions, evaluations, and satisfactions about their lives (Campbell et al, 1976). As a fundamental and basic human concern, SWB is usually measured in two ways: happiness and life satisfaction (Steel et al, 2008; Welsch, 2009; Soukiazis and Ramos, 2016). SWB is inseparable from some positive psychological factors, such as hope and optimism, and can even be a key predictor of quality of life (Bennett et al, 2015; Kaye-Tzadok et al, 2019).
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